Advances in insecticide toxicology in China in the last two decades (Ⅰ) : Insecticide toxicity and environmental safety

doi:10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2020.078

Abstract

Abstract:

Advances in research on insecticide toxicity, especially with respect to target and non-target insects, by Chinese entomologists, insecticide toxicologists, plant protection specialists and pest control experts, in the last 20 years is introduced, and effects of insecticides on pest insects, the natural enemies of pest insects and the environment, systematically reviewed.

Key words: insecticide toxicity, non-target toxicity, enemy insect, insecticide residue, insecticide environmental safety

Yi-Jun WU. Advances in insecticide toxicology in China in the last two decades (Ⅰ) : Insecticide toxicity and environmental safety[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, 2020, 57(4): 767-780.

References 136

[1]	Bai GT, Liu LJ, Sheng WL, Chen LM, Zhang H , 2019. Determination of ten pesticide residues in cucumber using QuEChERS-gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science, 21(1):89-96.
	[ 白国涛, 刘来俊, 盛万里, 陈丽梅, 张慧 , 2019. QuEChERS-气相色谱-串联质谱法测定黄瓜中10种农药残留. 农药学学报, 21(1):89-96.]
[2]	Cai XH, Li QF, Xiao L, Lu HL, Tang J, Huang JB, Yuan JZ , 2018. Insecticidal and acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity of Veratrum nigrum alkaloidal extract against the German cockroach (Blattella germanica). Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases, 12(4):414-420.
[3]	Chang X, Lu ZB, Shen ZC, Peng YF, Ye GY , 2017. Bitrophic and tritrophic effects of transgenic cry1ab/cry2aj maize on the beneficial, nontarget Harmonia axyridis(Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Environmental Entomology, 46(5):1171-1176. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvx113 URL pmid: 28981636
[4]	Chen C, Qian YZ, Liu XJ, Tao CJ, Liang Y, Li Y , 2012. Risk assessment of chlorpyrifos on rice and cabbage in China. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 62(1):125-130. doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2011.12.011 URL
[5]	Chen DW, Zhang YP, Lv B, Liu ZB, Han JJ, Li JG, Zhao YF, Wu YN , 2020. Dietary exposure to neonicotinoid insecticides and health risks in the Chinese general population through two consecutive total diet studies. Environment International, 135:e105399.
[6]	Chen DK, Chen ZZ, Liu CM , 2014. The toxicity of insecticides to Aphidius gifuensis Ashmead in different developmental stages. Journal of Biosafety, 23(3):191-195.
	[ 陈德锟, 陈珍珍, 刘长明 , 2014. 杀虫剂对烟蚜茧蜂不同发育阶段的毒性. 生物安全学报, 23(3):191-195.]
[7]	Chen L, Yan QP, Zhang JZ, Yuan SK, Liu XG , 2019a. Joint toxicity of acetamiprid and co-applied pesticide adjuvants on honeybees under semifield and laboratory conditions. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 38(9):1940-1946. doi: 10.1002/etc.4515 URL pmid: 31381193
[8]	Chen X, Li H, You J , 2015. Joint toxicity of sediment-associated permethrin and cadmium to Chironomus dilutus: The role of bioavailability and enzymatic activities. Environmental Pollution, 207:138-144. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.09.012 URL pmid: 26367707
[9]	Chen X, Li HZ, Zhang JJ, Ding YP, You J , 2016. Does cadmium affect the toxicokinetics of permethrin in Chironomus dilutus at sublethal level? Evidence of enzymatic activity and gene expression. Environmental Pollution, 218:1005-1013. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.08.051 URL pmid: 27567170
[10]	Chen YC, Zang L, Liu MD, Zhang CL, Shen GF, Du W, Sun Z, Fei J, Yang YL, Wang YH, Wang XJ, Zhao MR , 2019c. Ecological risk assessment of the increasing use of the neonicotinoid insecticides along the east coast of China. Environment International, 127:550-557. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.04.010 URL pmid: 30981913
[11]	Chen ZL, Yao XM, Dong FS, Duan HX, Shao XS, Chen X, Yang T, Wang GR, Zheng YQ , 2019b. Ecological toxicity reduction of dinotefuran to honeybee: New perspective from an enantiomeric level. Environment International, 130:e104854.
[12]	Cheng WX, Chai YX, Wang JJ , 2006. Effects of insecticides on glutathione-S-transferase and superoxide dismutase in Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel and L. entomophila(Enderlein). Acta Phytophylacica Sinica, 26(3):333-334.
	[ 程伟霞, 柴玉鑫, 王进军 , 2006. 四种杀虫剂对两种书虱谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶和超氧化物歧化酶的影响. 植物保护学报, 26(3):333-334.]
[13]	Cheng XY, Hu JH, Li JX, Chen J, Wang H, Mao TT, Xue B, Li B , 2018. The silk gland damage and the transcriptional response to detoxifying enzymes-related genes of Bombyx mori under phoxim exposure. Chemosphere, 209:964-971. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.06.167 URL pmid: 30114747
[14]	Cheng XY, Li FC, Chen J, Wang H, Mao TT, Li J, Hu J, Li B , 2019. Mechanism of trace acetamiprid-caused reproductive disorders in silkworm, Bombyx mori. Pest Management Science, 75(10):2672-2681. doi: 10.1002/ps.5373 URL pmid: 30740867
[15]	Chi YY, Cui XQ, Jiang H, Lin RH, Wang KY , 2014. Test and evaluation method of chronic toxicity of three different insecticides to silkworm. Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science, 16(5):548-558.
	[ 池艳艳, 崔新倩, 姜辉, 林荣华, 王开运 , 2014. 三种不同类型杀虫剂对家蚕的慢性毒性试验及评价方法初探. 农药学学报, 16(5):548-558.]
[16]	Cui L, Qi HL, Yang DB, Yuan HZ, Rui CH , 2016. Cycloxaprid: A novel cis-nitromethylene neonicotinoid insecticide to control imidacloprid-resistant cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 132:96-101. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2016.02.005 URL pmid: 27521919
[17]	Cui YL, Liu KC, Xu C, Liu F, Li Q, Liu SZ, Wang BM , 2014. Development of a sensitive monoclonal antibody-based indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for analysing chlorantraniliprole residues. Food Chemistry, 143:293-299. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.07.094 URL
[18]	Dai PL, Wang Q, Sun JH, Liu F, Wang X, Wu YY, Zhou T , 2010. Effects of sublethal concentrations of bifenthrin and deltamethrin on fecundity, growth, and development of the honeybee Apis mellifera ligustica. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 29(3):644-649. doi: 10.1002/etc.67 URL pmid: 20821489
[19]	Dai PL, Zhou W, Zhang J, Cui HJ, Wang Q, Jiang WY, Sun JH, Wu YY, Zhou T , 2012. Field assessment of Bt cry1Ah corn pollen on the survival, development and behavior of Apis mellifera ligustica. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 79:232-237. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.01.005 URL
[20]	Di SS, Cang T, Qi PP, Wang ZW, Wang XY, Xu MF, Wang XQ, Xu H, Wang Q , 2019. Comprehensive study of isocarbophos to various terrestrial organisms: Enantioselective bioactivity, acute toxicity, and environmental behaviors. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 67(40):10997-11004. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02931 URL pmid: 31487170
[21]	Ding GD, Cui C, Chen LM, Gao Y, Zhou YJ, Shi R, Tian Y , 2015a. Prenatal exposure to pyrethroid insecticides and birth outcomes in rural northern China. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology, 25(3):264-270. doi: 10.1038/jes.2014.86 URL pmid: 25515377
[22]	Ding GD, Wang CF, Vinturache A, Zhao SS, Pan R, Han WC, Chen LM, Wang WY, Yuan T, Gao Y, Tian Y , 2017. Prenatal low-level phenol exposures and birth outcomes in China. Science of the Total Environment, 607/608:1400-1407. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.084 URL
[23]	Ding GD, Yu J, Cui C, Chen LM, Gao Y, Wang CF, Zhou YJ, Tian Y , 2015b. Association between prenatal exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers and young children's neurodevelopment in China. Environmental Research, 142:104-111. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.06.008 URL pmid: 26133807
[24]	Ding JT, Tang H, Adili S, Wang YZ , 2013. Comparison of the toxicities and antifeedant effects of four botanical insecticides against the larvae of Lymantria dispar asiatica Vnukovskij. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition), 37(4):80-84.
	[ 丁吉同, 唐桦, 阿地力·沙塔尔, 王玉珠 , 2013. 4种植物源杀虫剂对亚洲型舞毒蛾幼虫的毒性与拒食作用. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 37(4):80-84.]
[25]	Duan XR, Yang YL, Wang SH, Feng XL, Wang TW, Wang PP, Liu SX, Li L, Yao WJ, Cui LX, Wang W , 2017. Changes in the expression of genes involved in cell cycle regulation and the relative telomere length in the process of canceration induced by omethoate. Tumour Biology, 39(7):e1010428317719782.
[26]	Gao BB, Zhang ZX, Li LS, Kaziem AE, He ZZ, Yang QW, Qing PY, Zhang Q, Wang MH , 2019. Stereoselective environmental behavior and biological effect of the chiral organophosphorus insecticide isofenphos methyl. Science of the Total Environment, 648:703-710. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.182 URL pmid: 30134211
[27]	Gao MQ, Hou SP, Pu DQ, Shi M, Ye GY, Chen XX , 2010. Multi- generation effects of Bt rice on Anagrus nilaparvatae, a parasitoid of the nontarget pest Nilapavarta lugens. Environmental Entomology, 39(6):2039-2044. doi: 10.1603/EN10035 URL pmid: 22182572
[28]	Geng Y, Jiang LJ, Zhang YW, He ZY, Wang L, Peng Y, Wang YH, Liu XW, Xu YP , 2018. Assessment of the dissipation, pre-harvest interval and dietary risk of carbosulfan, dimethoate, and their relevant metabolites in greenhouse cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Pest Management Science, 74(7):1654-1663. doi: 10.1002/ps.4857 URL pmid: 29327491
[29]	Gong YH, Shi XY, Desneux N, Gao XW , 2016. Effects of spirotetramat treatments on fecundity and carboxylesterase expression of Aphis gossypii Glover. Ecotoxicology, 25(4):655-663. doi: 10.1007/s10646-016-1624-z URL pmid: 26898726
[30]	Gu ZY, Li FC, Hu JS, Ding C, Wang ZQ, Tian JH, Xue B, Xu KZ, Shen WD, Li B , 2017. Sublethal dose of phoxim and Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus interact to elevate silkworm mortality. Pest Management Science, 73(3):554-561. doi: 10.1002/ps.4326 URL pmid: 27220913
[31]	Gu ZY, Zhou YJ, Xie Y, Li FC, Ma L, Sun SS, Wu Y, Wang BB, Wang JM, Hong FS, Shen WD, Li B , 2014. The adverse effects of phoxim exposure in the midgut of silkworm, Bombyx mori. Chemosphere, 96:33-38. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.06.089 URL
[32]	Gu ZY, Sun SS, Wang YH, Wang BB, Xie Y, Ma L, Wang JM, Shen WD, Li B , 2013. Transcriptional characteristics of gene expressi on in the midgut of domestic silkworms (Bombyx mori) exposed to phoxim. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 105(1):36-43. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2012.11.005 URL pmid: 24238288
[33]	Guo H, Jin YL, Cheng YB, Leaderer B, Lin SB, Holford TR, Qiu J, Zhang YW, Shi KC, Zhu Y, Niu JJ, Bassig BA, Xu SQ, Zhang B, Li YH, Hu XB, Chen Q, Zheng TZ , 2014. Prenatal exposure to organochlorine pesticides and infant birth weight in China. Chemosphere, 110:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.02.017 URL
[34]	Guo JQ, Zhang JM, Wu CH, Lv LS, Lu DS, Qi XJ, Jiang S, Feng C, Yu HX, Liang WJ, Chang XL, Zhang YB, Xu H, Cao Y, Wang GQ, Zhou ZJ , 2019. Associations of prenatal and childhood chlorpyrifos exposure with neurodevelopment of 3-year-old children. Environmental Pollution, 251:538-546. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.05.040 URL pmid: 31108286
[35]	Han X, Zhang F, Meng LL, Xu YD, Li YM, Li A, Turyk ME, Yang RQ, Wang P, Zhang JQ, Zhang QH, Jiang GB , 2020. Exposure to organochlorine pesticides and the risk of type 2 diabetes in the population of east China. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 190:e110125.
[36]	He M, Yu PZ, Jia CH, Zhao EC, Chen L, Jing JJ, Zheng YQ , 2016. Simultaneous determination of tebufenozide and phoxim in Chinese cabbage and soil using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Food Analytical Methods, 9(11):3107-3116. doi: 10.1007/s12161-016-0501-y URL
[37]	He XS, Li TT, Yi NN, Wu H, Wang X, Zhao MX, Wang CN , 2013. Determination of reference dose of chlorpyrifos by benchmark dose method. Chinese Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27(2):289-293. doi: 10.3867/j.issn.1000-3002.2013.02.028 URL
	[ 何贤松, 李亭亭, 乙楠楠, 吴惠, 王霞, 赵敏娴, 王灿楠 , 2013. 应用基准剂量法探讨氯蜱硫磷的参考剂量. 中国药理学与毒理学杂志, 27(2):289-293.]
[38]	Hu JH, Li MX, Lu ZT, Mao TT, Chen J, Wang H, Qu JW, Fang YL, Cheng XY, Li JX, Li FC, Li B , 2019. The mechanism of damage in the midgut of Bombyx mori after chlorantraniliprole exposure. Ecotoxicology, 28(8):903-912. doi: 10.1007/s10646-019-02089-z URL pmid: 31392633
[39]	Jiang H, Chen JJ, Zhao C, Tian YQ, Zhang ZX, Xu HH , 2020. Sulfoxaflor residues in pollen and nectar of cotton applied through drip irrigation and their potential exposure to Apis mellifera L. Insects, 11(2):e114. doi: 10.3390/insects11020114 URL pmid: 32050712
[40]	Jiang JG, Liu X, Huang XP, Yu X, Zhang WW, Zhang XX, Mu W , 2019. Comparative ecotoxicity of neonicotinoid insecticides to three species of Trichogramma parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 183:e109587.
[41]	Jiang JG, Ma DC, Zou N, Yu X, Zhang ZQ, Liu F, Mu W , 2018. Concentrations of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam in pollen, nectar and leaves from seed-dressed cotton crops and their potential risk to honeybees (Apis mellifera L.). Chemosphere, 201:159-167. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.168 URL pmid: 29524816
[42]	Jiao YY, Yang Y, Meissle M, Peng YF, Li YH , 2016. Comparison of susceptibility of Chilo suppressalis and Bombyx mori to five Bacillus thuringiensis proteins. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 136:95-99. doi: 10.1016/j.jip.2016.03.010 URL pmid: 26994840
[43]	Jin MQ, Zhou SS, Liu WP, Zhang D, Lu XT , 2015. Residues and potential health risks of DDTs and HCHs in commercial seafoods from two coastal cities near Yangtze River Estuary. Journal of Environmental Science and Health B, 50(3):163-174. doi: 10.1080/03601234.2015.982387 URL
[44]	Lai TC, Li J, Su JY , 2011. Monitoring of beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) resistance to chlorantraniliprole in China. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 101(3):198-205. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2011.09.006 URL
[45]	Li FC, Hu JS, Tian JH, Xu KZ, Ni M, Wang BB, Shen WD, Li B , 2016. Effects of phoxim on nutrient metabolism and insulin signaling pathway in silkworm midgut. Chemosphere, 146:478-485. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.12.032 URL pmid: 26741554
[46]	Li FC, Li MX, Mao TT, Wang H, Chen J, Lu ZT, Qu JW, Fang YL, Gu ZY, Li B , 2020a. Effects of phoxim exposure on gut microbial composition in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 189:e110011.
[47]	Li FC, Li MX, Wang H, Mao TT, Chen J, Lu ZT, Qu JW, Fang YL, Li B , 2020b. Effects of phoxim pesticide on the immune system of silkworm midgut. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 164:58-64. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2019.12.007 URL pmid: 32284137
[48]	Li FC, Ni M, Zhang H, Wang BB, Xu KZ, Tian JH, Hu JH, Shen WD, Li B , 2015. Expression profile analysis of silkworm P450 family genes after phoxim induction. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 122:103-109. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2014.12.013 URL pmid: 26071814
[49]	Li Q, Dou XW, Zhang L, Zhao XS, Luo JY, Yang MH , 2019a. Oriented assembly of surface plasmon resonance biosensor through staphylococcal protein A for the chlorpyrifos detection. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 411(23):6057-6066. doi: 10.1007/s00216-019-01990-0 URL pmid: 31278555
[50]	Li R, Pan X, Wang Q, Tao Y, Chen Z, Jiang D, Wu C, Dong F, Xu J, Liu X, Wu X, Zheng Y , 2019b. Development of s-fluxametamide for bioactivity improvement and risk reduction: Systemic evaluation of the novel insecticide fluxametamide at the enantiomeric level. Environmental Science and Technology, 53(23):13657-13665. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.9b03697 URL pmid: 31684725
[51]	Li SH, Chen DW, Lv B, Li JG, Zhao YF, Wu YN , 2019c. Enhanced sensitivity and effective cleanup strategy for analysis of neonicotinoids in complex dietary samples and the application in the total diet study. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 67(9):2732-2740. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00113 URL pmid: 30779565
[52]	Li XQ, Bao C, Yang DB, Zheng MQ, Li XF, Tao S , 2010. Toxicities of fipronil enantiomers to the honeybee Apis mellifera L. and enantiomeric compositions of fipronil in honey plant flowers. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 29(1):127-132. doi: 10.1002/etc.17 URL pmid: 20821427
[53]	Li YG, Liu J, Zhang Y, Gu M, Wang DY, Dang YY, Ye BC, Li YC , 2018. A robust electrochemical sensing platform using carbon paste electrode modified with molecularly imprinted microsphere and its application on methyl parathion detection. Biosensors & Bioelectronics, 106:71-77. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.01.057 URL pmid: 29414092
[54]	Li Y, Wei J, Fang J, Lv W, Ji Y, Aioub AAA, Zhang J, Hu Z , 2019d. Insecticidal activity of four lignans isolated from Phryma leptostachya. Molecules, 24(10):e1976. doi: 10.3390/molecules24101976 URL pmid: 31121976
[55]	Liang YR, Liu DH, Zhan J, Luo M, Han JJ, Wang P, Zhou ZQ , 2020. New insight into the mechanism of POP-induced obesity: Evidence from DDE-altered microbiota. Chemosphere, 244:e125123.
[56]	Liao CH, He XJ, Wang ZL, Barron AB, Zhang B, Zeng ZJ, Wu XB , 2018. Short-term exposure to lambda-cyhalothrin negatively affects the survival and memory-related characteristics of worker bees Apis mellifera. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 75(1):59-65. doi: 10.1007/s00244-018-0514-1 URL pmid: 29423537
[57]	Liao JY, Gao YQ, Wu QY, Zhu YC, You MS , 2015. Purification of the insecticidal Cry2Ad protein from a Bt-isolated BRC-HZP10 strain and toxin assay to the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.). Genetic Molecular Research, 14(3):7661-7670. doi: 10.4238/2015.July.13.11 URL
[58]	Liu HG, Zhao MR, Zhang C, Ma Y, Liu WP , 2008. Enantioselective cytotoxicity of the insecticide bifenthrin on a human amnion epithelial (FL) cell line. Toxicology, 253(1/3):89-96. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2008.08.015 URL
[59]	Liu S, Liu Y, He F, Zhang H, Li X, Tan H , 2019a. Enantioselective olfactory effects of the neonicotinoid dinotefuran on honey bees (Apis mellifera L.). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 67(43):12105-12116. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04851 URL pmid: 31600056
[60]	Liu TF, Wang Y, Zhang LX, Xu YY, Zhang ZQ, Mu W , 2019b. Sublethal effects of four insecticides on the seven-spotted lady beetle (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 112(5):2177-2185. doi: 10.1093/jee/toz146 URL pmid: 31140572
[61]	Liu XX, Chen M, Collins HL, Onstad D, Roush R, Zhang QW, Shelton AM , 2012. Effect of insecticides and Plutella xylostella(Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) genotype on a predator and parasitoid and implications for the evolution of insecticide resistance. Journal of Economic Entomology, 105(2):354-362. doi: 10.1603/EC11299 URL
[62]	Liu YJ, Qiao NH, Diao QY, Jing Z, Vukanti R, Dai PL, Ge Y , 2020. Thiacloprid exposure perturbs the gut microbiota and reduces the survival status in honeybees. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 389:e121818.
[63]	Liu YM, Liu SH, Zhang H, Gu YP, Li XS, He MY, Tan HH , 2017. Application of the combination index (CI)-isobologram equation to research the toxicological interactions of clothianidin, thiamethoxam, and dinotefuran in honeybee, Apis mellifera. Chemosphere, 184:806-811. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.045 URL pmid: 28645084
[64]	Liu ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhu GB, Sun JF, Zou B, Li M, Wang JG , 2016. Rapid screening of flonicamid residues in environmental and agricultural samples by a sensitive enzyme immunoassay. Science of the Total Environment, 551/552:484-488. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.02.017 URL
[65]	Lü BQ, Peng ZQ, Jin QA, Wen HB, Fu YG , 2005. Toxicity of 15 insecticides to Brontispa longissima (Gestro) and Asecodes hispinarum Bou(c)ek, a parasitoid of B. Longissima. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 26(1):47-51.
	[ 吕宝乾, 彭正强, 金启安, 温海波, 符悦冠 , 2005. 15种杀虫剂对椰心叶甲幼虫及椰甲截脉姬小蜂的毒性. 热带作物学报, 26(1):47-51.]
[66]	Ma CS, Zhang YK, Sun J, Imran M, Yang HP, Wu J, Zou Y, Li-Byarlay HM, Luo SD , 2019. Impact of acute oral exposure to thiamethoxam on the homing, flight, learning acquisition and short-term retention of Apis cerana. Pest Management Science, 75(11):2975-2980. doi: 10.1002/ps.5411 URL pmid: 30884080
[67]	Ma L, Xie Y, Gu ZY, Wang BB, Li FC, Xu KZ, Shen WD, Li B , 2013. Characteristics of phoxim-exposed gene transcription in the silk gland of silkworms. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 107(3):391-397. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2013.10.008 URL pmid: 24267702
[68]	Mao KK, Jin RH, Li WH, Ren ZJ, Qin XY, He S, Li JH, Wan H , 2019a. The influence of temperature on the toxicity of insecticides to Nilaparvata lugens (Stål). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 156:80-86. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2019.02.009 URL pmid: 31027584
[69]	Mao TT, Li FC, Fang YL, Wang H, Chen J, Li MX, Lu ZT, Qu JW, Li JX, Hu JH, Cheng XY, Ni M, Li B , 2019b. Effects of chlorantraniliprole exposure on detoxification enzyme activities and detoxification-related gene expression in the fat body of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 176:58-63. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.03.074 URL pmid: 30921697
[70]	Miao JN, Liu AR, Wu LN, Yu MZ, Wei W, Liu SQ , 2020. Magnetic ferroferric oxide and polydopamine molecularly imprinted polymer nanocomposites based electrochemical impedance sensor for the selective separation and sensitive determination of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT). Analytica Chimica Acta, 1095:82-92. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.10.027 URL pmid: 31864633
[71]	Qi S, Zhu L, Wang D, Wang C, Chen X, Xue X, Wu L , 2020. Flumethrin at honey-relevant levels induces physiological stresses to honey bee larvae ( Apis mellifera L.) in vitro. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 190:e110101.
[72]	Qi XJ, Zheng ML, Wu CH, Wang GQ, Feng C, Zhou ZJ , 2012. Urinary pyrethroid metabolites among pregnant women in an agricultural area of the province of Jiangsu, China. International Journal of Hygiene Environmental Health, 215(5):487-495. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2011.12.003 URL pmid: 22218106
[73]	Qiao M, Wang GP, Zhang C, Roelofs D, van Straalen NM, Zhu YG , 2015. Transcriptional profiling of the soil invertebrate Folsomia candida in pentachlorophenol-contaminated soil. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 34(6):1362-1368. doi: 10.1002/etc.2930 URL pmid: 25703271
[74]	Shen AD, Chen ZQ, Luo KJ, Miu S, Yan YH , 2003. Toxicity of several insecticides to the larvae, eggs, pupae of the leafminer parasitoid, Diglyphus isaea(Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 16(4):69-72.
	[ 谌爱东, 陈宗麒, 罗开珺, 缪森, 严毓骅 , 2003. 杀虫剂对潜蝇姬小蜂幼虫、蛹和卵的毒性. 西南农业学报, 16(4):69-72.]
[75]	Shi GQ, Zhang Z, Jia KL, Zhang K, An DX, Wang G, Zhang BL, Yin HN , 2014. Characterization and expression analysis of peroxiredox in family genes from the silkworm Bombyx mori in response to phoxim and chlorpyrifos. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 114:24-31. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2014.07.007 URL
[76]	Sun MQ, Liu DH, Dang ZH, Li RH, Zhou ZQ, Wang ZP , 2012. Enantioselective behavior of malathion enantiomers in toxicity to beneficial organisms and their dissipation in vegetables and crops. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 237/238:140-146. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.08.021 URL
[77]	Tian JC, Wang GW, Han HL, Romeis J, Zhang FC, Ye GY, Xie MC, Wang GY, Lu ZX , 2018. The rice planthopper parasitoid Anagrus nilaparvatae is not at risk when feeding on honeydew derived from Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt) rice. Pest Management Science, 74(8):1854-1860. doi: 10.1002/ps.4886 URL pmid: 29427309
[78]	Tian MM, Zhang Q, Hua XD, Tang BW, Gao BB, Wang MH , 2016. Systemic stereoselectivity study of flufiprole: Stereoselective bioactivity, acute toxicity and environmental fate. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 320:487-494. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.08.045 URL pmid: 27585281
[79]	Wang DS, Lü L, He YR , 2017b. Effects of two conventional insecticides on male-specific sex pheromone discrimination and mate choice in Trichogramma chilonis(Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Environmental Entomology, 46(2):328-334. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvw172 URL pmid: 28169400
[80]	Wang D, Gong P, Li M, Qiu X, Wang K , 2009a. Sublethal effects of spinosad on survival, growth and reproduction of Helicoverpa armigera(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Pest Management Science, 65(2):223-227. doi: 10.1002/ps.1672 URL pmid: 19097023
[81]	Wang DS, Lü L, He YR, Shi QX, Wang GH , 2016. Effects of insecticides on oviposition and host discrimination behavior in Trichogramma chilonis (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 109(6):2380-2387. doi: 10.1093/jee/tow220 URL pmid: 27986938
[82]	Wang DS, He YR, Guo XL, Luo YL, Xie MQ , 2012. Safety of ten insecticides to different developmental stages of Trichogramma confusum Viggiani (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 28(3):314-319.
	[ 王德森, 何余容, 郭祥令, 罗永丽, 谢梅琼 , 2012. 杀虫剂对不同发育阶段拟澳洲赤眼蜂的安全性评估. 中国生物防治学报, 28(3):314-319.]
[83]	Wang H, Li FC, Qu JW, Mao TT, Chen J, Li MX, Lu ZT, Fang YL, Shi GF, Li B , 2019a. The mechanism of damage by trace amounts of acetamiprid to the midgut of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Environmental Toxicology, 34(9):1043-1051. doi: 10.1002/tox.22775 URL pmid: 31120183
[84]	Wang H, Lu ZT, Li MX, Fang YL, Qu JW, Mao TT, Chen J, Li FC, Sun HN, Li B , 2020a. Responses of detoxification enzymes in the midgut of Bombyx mori after exposure to low-dose of acetamiprid. Chemosphere, 251:e126438.
[85]	Wang HP, Zheng LG, Yu WT, Cao XM, Yang RB , 2019b. Dissipation behavior of chlorpyrifos residues and risk assessment in sugarcane fields. Biomedical Chromatography, 33(3):e4424. doi: 10.1002/bmc.4424 URL pmid: 30403410
[86]	Wang JP, Yu GC, Sheng W, Shi M, Guo BX, Wang S , 2011. Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based a monoclonal antibody for the detection of pyrethroids with phenoxybenzene multiresidue in river water. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 59(7):2997-3003. doi: 10.1021/jf104914d URL
[87]	Wang LM, Liu WP, Yang CX, Pan ZY, Gan JY, Xu C, Zhao MR, Schlenk D , 2007. Enantioselectivity in estrogenic potential and uptake of bifenthrin. Environmental Science and Technology, 41(17):6124-6128. doi: 10.1021/es070220d URL pmid: 17937291
[88]	Wang L, Zeng L, Chen J , 2015a. Sublethal effect of imidacloprid on Solenopsis invicta(Hymenoptera: Formicidae) feeding, digging, and foraging behavior. Environmental Entomology, 44(6):1544-1552. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvv127 URL pmid: 26314029
[89]	Wang Q, Diao QY, Dai PL, Chu YN, Wu YY, Zhou T, Cai QN , 2017a. Exploring poisonous mechanism of honeybee, Apis mellifera ligustica Spinola, caused by pyrethroids. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 135:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2016.07.005 URL pmid: 28043325
[90]	Wang QL, Liu TX , 2016. Effects of three insect growth regulators on Encarsia formosa (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), an endoparasitoid of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 109(6):2290-2297. doi: 10.1093/jee/tow216 URL pmid: 27744284
[91]	Wang XR, Goulson D, Chen LZ, Zhang JZ, Zhao W, Jin Y, Yang SP, Li Y, Zhou JH , 2020b. Occurrence of neonicotinoids in Chinese apiculture and a corresponding risk exposure assessment. Environmental Science and Technology, 54(8):5021-5030. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.9b07162 URL pmid: 32092263
[92]	Wang X, Jia JJ, Zhang YF, Zhou Q, Gao CF , 2013. Laboratory safety evaluation of eight insecticides to two predating natural enemies, Hylyphantes graminicola and Coleosoma octomaculatum. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, 36(3):53-58.
	[ 王玺, 贾京京, 张一帆, 周钦, 高聪芬 , 2013. 8种水稻田常用杀虫剂对2种天敌蜘蛛的室内安全性评价. 南京农业大学学报, 36(3):53-58.]
[93]	Wang X, Khakame SK, Ye C, Yang Y, Wu Y , 2013a. Characterisation of field-evolved resistance to chlorantraniliprole in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, from China. Pest Management Science, 69(5):661-665. doi: 10.1002/ps.3422 URL pmid: 23109334
[94]	Wang X, Sun H, Zhang Y, Liu C, Liu Z , 2015b. Transcriptional changes in nachrs, interactive proteins and P450s in Locusta migratoria manilensis (Orthoptera: Acrididae) CNS in response to high and low oral doses of imidacloprid. Journal of Insect Science, 15(1):e102.
[95]	Wang YH, Chen LP, An XH, Jiang JH, Wang Q, Cai LM, Zhao XP , 2013b. Susceptibility to selected insecticides and risk assessment in the insect egg parasitoid Trichogramma confusum(Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 106(1):142-149. doi: 10.1603/ec12313 URL pmid: 23448026
[96]	Wang YH, Chen LP, Yu RX, Zhao XP, Wu CX, Cang T, Wang Q , 2012. Insecticide toxic effects on Trichogramma ostriniae(Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Pest Management Science, 68(12):1564-1571. doi: 10.1002/ps.3343 URL
[97]	Wang YH, Wu CX, Cang T, Yang LZ, Yu WH, Zhao XP, Wang Q, Cai LM , 2014. Toxicity risk of insecticides to the insect egg parasitoid Trichogramma evanescens Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Pest Management Science, 70(3):398-404. doi: 10.1002/ps.3571 URL
[98]	Wang YH, Gu ZY, Wang JM, Sun SS, Wang BB, Jin YQ, Shen WD, Li B , 2013c. Changes in the activity and the expression of detoxification enzymes in silkworms (Bombyx mori) after phoxim feeding. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 105(1):13-17. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2012.11.001 URL pmid: 24238284
[99]	Wang YH, Yu YX, Zhao XP, An XH, Chen LP, Wu CX, Wang Q , 2012. Acute toxicity and safety evaluation of neonicotinoids and macrocyclic lactiones to adult wasps of four Trichogramma species (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammidae). Acta Entomplogica Sinica, 55(1):36-45.
	[ 王彦华, 俞瑞鲜, 赵学平, 安雪花, 陈丽萍, 吴长兴, 王强 , 2012. 新烟碱类和大环内酯类杀虫剂对四种赤眼蜂成蜂急性毒性和安全性评价. 昆虫学报, 55(1):36-45.]
[100]	Wang YY, Li YH, Huang ZY, Chen XP, Romeis J, Dai PL, Peng YF , 2015c. Toxicological, biochemical, and histopathological analyses demonstrating that Cry1C and Cry2A are not toxic to larvae of the honeybee, Apis mellifera. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 63(27):6126-6132. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01662 URL pmid: 26084400
[101]	Wu H, Luo Y, Hou C, Huo D, Wang W, Zhao J, Lei Y , 2019. Rapid and fingerprinted monitoring of pesticide methyl parathion on the surface of fruits/leaves as well as in surface water enabled by gold nanorods based casting-and-sensing SERS platform. Talanta, 200:84-90. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.03.004 URL pmid: 31036229
[102]	Wu H, Yang M, Guo Y, Xie Z, Ma E , 2007. Comparisons of malathion susceptibility, target sensitivity, and detoxification enzyme activity in nine field populations of Oxya chinensis(Orthoptera: Acrididae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 100(4):1409-1415. doi: 10.1603/0022-0493(2007)100[1409:comsts]2.0.co;2 URL pmid: 17849895
[103]	Wu LP, Zhou XL, Zhao DY, Feng T, Zhou J, Sun T, Wang JM, Wang C , 2017. Seasonal variation and exposure risk assessment of pesticide residues in vegetables from Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region of china during 2010-2014. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 58:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jfca.2016.12.025 URL
[104]	Wu SG, Wang Q, Zhao XP, Wu CX, Chen LP, Xu H, Zhang H , 2004. Study on toxicity of abamectin and fipronil to silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) and safety evaluation. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 16(5):309-312.
	[ 吴声敢, 王强, 赵学平, 吴长兴, 陈丽萍, 徐浩, 章虎 , 2004. 阿维菌素和氟虫腈对家蚕毒性与安全性评价研究. 浙江农业学报, 16(5):309-312.]
[105]	Wu X, Zhang L, Yang C, Zong M, Huang Q, Tao L , 2016. Detection on emamectin benzoate-induced apoptosis and DNA damage in Spodoptera frugiperda Sf-9 cell line. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 126:6-12. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2015.06.009 URL pmid: 26778428
[106]	Wu YY, Zhou T, Wang Q, Dai PL, Xu SF, Jia HR, Wang X , 2015. Programmed cell death in the honey bee (Apis mellifera)(Hymenoptera: apidae) worker brain induced by imidacloprid. Journal of Economic Entomology, 108(4):1486-1494. doi: 10.1093/jee/tov146 URL pmid: 26470287
[107]	Wu YY, Zhou T, Wubie AJ, Wang Q, Dai PL, Jia HR , 2014. Apoptosis in the nerve cells of adult honeybee (Apis mellifera ligustica) brain induced by imidacloprid. Acta Entomplogica Sinica, 57(2):194-203.
	[ 吴艳艳, 周婷, Abebe Jenberie Wubie, 王强, 代平礼, 贾慧茹 , 2014. 吡虫啉对成年意大利蜜蜂脑神经细胞致凋亡作用. 昆虫学报, 57(2):194-203.]
[108]	Xiao D, Zhao J, Guo XJ, Chen HY, Qu MM, Zhai WG, Desneux N, Biondi A, Zhang F, Wang S , 2016. Sublethal effects of imidacloprid on the predatory seven-spot ladybird beetle Coccinella septempunctata. Ecotoxicology, 25(10):1782-1793. doi: 10.1007/s10646-016-1721-z URL pmid: 27670666
[109]	Xu CA, Peng J, Peng ZQ, Jin QA, Wan FH , 2008. Selective toxicity of four insecticides on Brontispa longissima and Tetrastichus brontispae. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 29(1):68-72.
	[ 许春霭, 彭劲, 彭正强, 金启安, 万方浩 , 2008. 大田常用杀虫剂对椰心叶甲及椰心叶甲啮小蜂的选择毒性. 热带作物学报, 29(1):68-72.]
[110]	Yang CL, Zhu HY, Zhang F , 2019. Comparative proteomics analysis between the short-term stress and long-term adaptation of the Blattella germanica(Blattodea: Blattellidae) in response to beta- cypermethrin. Journal of Economic Entomology, 112(3):1396-1402. doi: 10.1093/jee/toz047 URL pmid: 30835785
[111]	Yang M, Wang B, Gao J, Zhang Y, Xu W, Tao L , 2017. Spinosad induces programmed cell death involves mitochondrial dysfunction and cytochrome C release in Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells. Chemosphere, 169:155-161. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.11.065 URL pmid: 27870937
[112]	Yang M, Zhang J, Zhu KY, Xuan T, Liu X, Guo Y, Ma E , 2008. Increased activity and reduced sensitivity of acetylcholinesterase associated with malathion resistance in a field population of the oriental migratory locust, Locusta migratoria manilensis(Meyen). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 91(1):32-38. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2007.12.004 URL
[113]	Yang YJ, Wang CY, Xu HX, Tian JC, Lu ZX , 2020. Response of Trichogramma spp. (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) to insecticides at concentrations sublethal to Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 113(2):646-653. doi: 10.1093/jee/toz325 URL pmid: 31807775
[114]	Yang YX, Jin SQ, Li SN, Wei FL, Zhu GN , 2008. Oral toxicity and risk of five insecticides to honeybees. Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science, 10(2):226-231.
	[ 杨艳霞, 金绍强, 李少南, 魏方林, 朱国念 , 2008. 五种杀虫剂对蜜蜂的经口毒性及风险评价. 农药学学报, 10(2):226-231.]
[115]	Yi D, Fang Z, Yang L , 2018. Effects of Bt cabbage pollen on the honeybee Apis mellifera L. Scientific Reports, 8(1):e482.
[116]	Yi XH, Zhang C, Liu HB, Wu RR, Tian D, Ruan JJ, Zhang T, Huang MZ, Ying GG , 2019. Occurrence and distribution of neonicotinoid insecticides in surface water and sediment of the Guangzhou section of the Pearl River, South China. Environmental Pollution, 251:892-900. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.05.062 URL pmid: 31234255
[117]	Yin K, Ma EB, Xue CR, Wu HH, Guo YP, Zhang JZ , 2008. Insecticidal activities of 5-aminolevulinic acid on Oxya chinensis and effect on three kinds of enzymes. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 41(7):2003-2007.
	[ 阴琨, 马恩波, 薛春荣, 吴海花, 郭亚平, 张建珍 , 2008. 5-氨基乙酰丙酸对中华稻蝗(Oxya chinensis)的杀虫活性及对3种酶活性的影响. 中国农业科学, 41(7):2003-2007.]
[118]	Yu PZ, Jia CH, Zhao EC, Chen L, He HJ, Jing JJ, He M , 2017. Determination of oxathiapiprolin concentration and dissipation in grapes and soil by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 97(10):3294-3299. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.8178 URL pmid: 27976410
[119]	Yu QY, Fang SM, Zuo WD, Dai FY, Zhang Z, Lu C , 2011. Effect of organophosphate phoxim exposure on certain oxidative stress biomarkers in the silkworm. Journal of Economic Entomology, 104(1):101-106. doi: 10.1603/EC10260 URL
[120]	Yu RX, Wang YH, Hu XQ, Wu SG, Cai LM, Zhao XP , 2016. Individual and joint acute toxicities of selected insecticides against Bombyx mori(Lepidoptera: Bombycidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 109(1):327-333. doi: 10.1093/jee/tov316 URL pmid: 26546487
[121]	Yuan HB, Li JH, Liu YQ, Cui L, Lu YH, Xu XY, Li Z, Wu KM, Desneux N , 2017. Lethal, sublethal and transgenerational effects of the novel chiral neonicotinoid pesticide cycloxaprid on demographic and behavioral traits of Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Insect Science, 24(5):743-752. doi: 10.1111/1744-7917.12357 URL pmid: 27168374
[122]	Yue M, Zong FL, Ma CS, Wu J, Luo SD , 2017. Survival risk analysis honey bee workers (Apis mellifera L., Hymenoptera) exposed to sub-lethal concentration of thiamethoxam. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 33(5):638-43.
	[ 岳孟, 宗伏霖, 马昌盛, 吴杰, 罗术东 , 2017. 亚致死浓度噻虫嗪对意大利蜜蜂工蜂的生存风险分析. 中国生物防治学报, 33(5):638-643.]
[123]	Zhang C, Yi XH, Chen C, Tian D, Liu HB, Xie LT, Zhu XP, Huang MZ, Ying GG , 2020b. Contamination of neonicotinoid insecticides in soil-water-sediment systems of the urban and rural areas in a rapidly developing region: Guangzhou, South China. Environment International, 139:e105719.
[124]	Zhang C, Zhang HZ, Chang J, Li HP , 2015. Toxicity and the effects of four pyrethroid insceticides on the activity of ATPase and GSTs in Aphis sp. Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science, 17(2):235-40.
	[ 张丛, 张海珠, 常静, 李海平 , 2015. 四种拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂对枸杞蚜虫的毒力及对三磷酸腺苷酶和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶活性的影响. 农药学学报, 17(2):235-240.]
[125]	Zhang FP, Fu YG, Peng ZQ, Zhang JB, Jin QA , 2008. Selective toxicity of insecticides on the Parasaissetia nigra and Coccophagus ceroplastae. Agrochemicals, 47(4):282-283.
	[ 张方平, 符悦冠, 彭正强, 张敬宝, 金启安 , 2008. 杀虫剂对橡副珠蜡蚧和斑翅食蚧蚜小蜂的选择毒性. 农药, 47(4):282-283.]
[126]	Zhang JM, Guo JQ, Lu DS, Qi XJ, Chang XL, Wu CH, Zhang YB, Liang WJ, Fang X, Cao Y, Zhou ZJ , 2018. Maternal urinary carbofuranphenol levels before delivery and birth outcomes in Sheyang Birth Cohort. Science of the Total Environment, 625:1667-1672. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.062 URL pmid: 29102186
[127]	Zhang XR, Zhang JQ, Shao YY, Xing XR, Wang J, Liu ZX, Li YJ, Ofori AD, Tu QB, Wang J, Sheng S, Wu FA , 2019. Identification of glutathione-S-transferase genes by transcriptome analysis in Meteorus pulchricornis(Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and their expression patterns under stress of phoxim and cypermethrin. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D Genomics Proteomics, 31:e100607.
[128]	Zhang ZY, Li Z, Huang Q, Zhang XW, Ke L, Yan WY, Zhang LZ, Zeng ZJ , 2020a. Deltamethrin impairs honeybees (Apis mellifera) dancing communication. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 78(1):117-123. doi: 10.1007/s00244-019-00680-3 URL pmid: 31642948
[129]	Zhang ZY, Wang DL, Chi ZJ, Liu XJ, Hong XY , 2008. Acute toxicity of organophosphorus and pyrethroid insecticides to Bombyx mori. Journal of Economic Entomology, 101(2):360-364. doi: 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[360:atooap]2.0.co;2 URL pmid: 18459399
[130]	Zhao MX, Wang CN, Li TT, He SX, Wu H, Yao XY , 2013. Acute risk assessment of cumulative dietary exposure to organophosphorus pesticide among people in Jiangsu province. Journal of Hygiene Research, 42(5):844-848. URL pmid: 24218898
	[ 赵敏娴, 王灿楠, 李亭亭, 乙楠楠, 何贤松, 吴惠, 姚欣雅 , 2013. 江苏居民有机磷农药膳食累积暴露急性风险评估. 卫生研究, 42(5):844-848.] pmid: 24218898
[131]	Zhao XP, Wu CX, Wang YH, Cang T, Chen LP, Yu RX, Wang Q , 2012. Assessment of toxicity risk of insecticides used in rice ecosystem on Trichogramma japonicum, an egg parasitoid of rice lepidopterans. Journal of Economic Entomology, 105(1):92-101. doi: 10.1603/ec11259 URL pmid: 22420260
[132]	Zhao Y, Yun YL, Peng Y , 2020. Bacillus thuringiensis protein Vip3Aa does not harm the predator Propylea japonica: A toxicological, histopathological, biochemical and molecular analysis. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 192:e110292.
[133]	Zhao Y, Zhang S, Luo JY, Wang CY, Lü LM, Wang XP, Cui JJ, Lei CL , 2016. Bt proteins Cry1Ah and Cry2Ab do not affect cotton aphid Aphis gossypii and ladybeetle Propylea japonica. Scientific Reports, 6:e20368.
[134]	Zheng X, Zhong Y, Duan Y, Li C, Dang L, Guo Y, Ma E , 2006. Genetic variation and population structure of oriental migratory locust, Locusta migratoria manilensis, in China by allozyme, SSRP-PCR, and AFLP Markers. Biochemical Genetics, 44(7/8):332-346. doi: 10.1007/s10528-006-9033-2 URL
[135]	Zhou PP, Zhao YF, Li JG, Wu GH, Zhang L, Liu Q, Fan S, Yang X, Li XW, Wu YN , 2012. Dietary exposure to persistent organochlorine pesticides in 2007 Chinese total diet study. Environment International, 42:152-159. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2011.05.018 URL
[136]	Zhu JS, Lian ML, Wang J, Qin S , 2009. Toxicity and safety evaluation of five insecticides on egg parasitoid,Trichogramma evanescens Westwood. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 17(4):715-720.
	[ 朱九生, 连梅力, 王静, 秦曙 , 2009. 五种杀虫剂对卵寄生性天敌广赤眼蜂室内安全性评价. 中国生态农业学报, 17(4):715-720.]