农业生物多样性控制作物病虫害的方法与原理 *

doi:10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2020.01.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

农业生物多样性作为一种重要的作物病虫害防治手段,主要基于自然界生物间相生相克的平衡关系,充分利用了原生态的各种控制因子,将病虫害调控在生产可允许范围,对减肥减药以及提高农业生态系统自我功能具有重要的意义。本文将农业病虫害发生融为一体,从种内遗传多样性、物种多样性、农田景观多样性3个层次,系统阐述了利用农业生物多样性控制作物病虫害的重要意义、主要内容和方法、控害原理、影响因素以及作物品种多样性种植的增产效应,为充分发挥农业生物多样性调控作物病虫害提供参考。

关键词: 农业生物多样性, 原理与机制, 病虫害管理, 产量

Abstract:

Agrobiodiversity is an important aspect of controlling the diseases and pests of agricultural crops. Agrobiodiversity is based on the ecological relationships between organisms and makes full use of various control factors in the original ecosystem. It can, therefore, significantly reduce fertilizer and pesticide use and enhance agricultural ecosystems. This paper integrates the control of agricultural diseases and pests and examines agrobiodiversity at three levels; genetic diversity, species diversity and landscape diversity. The methods, mechanisms and important factors for using agrobiodiversity to control crop diseases and pests, and the effect of plant diversity on crop yields, are systematically reviewed and described.

Key words: agrobiodiversity, principles and mechanisms, disease and pest management, yield

初炳瑶, 陈法军, 马占鸿. 农业生物多样性控制作物病虫害的方法与原理 ^*[J]. 应用昆虫学报, 2020, 57(1): 28-40.

Bing-Yao CHU, Fa-Jun CHEN, Zhan-Hong MA. Principles of using agricultural biodiversity to control pests and crop diseases[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, 2020, 57(1): 28-40.

参考文献 117

[1]	Amede T, Nigatu Y , 2001. Interaction of components of sweetpotato-maize intercropping under the semi-arid conditions of the Rift-Valley. Ethiopia, 78(1):1-7.
[2]	Allard RW, Bradshaw AD , 1964. Implications of genotype- environmental interactions in applied plant breeding. Crop Science, 4(5):503-508.
[3]	Baker RJ, Briggs RN , 1984. Comparison of grain yield of uniblends and biblends of 10 spring barely cultivars. Crop Science, 24(1):85-87.
[4]	Bahri B, Shah SJA, Hussian S, Leconte M, Enjalbert J, de Vallavieille-Pope C , 2011. Genetic diversity of the wheat yellow rust population in Pakistan and its relationship with host resistance. Plant Patholology, 60(4):649-660.
[5]	Baliddawa CW , 1985. Plant-species diversity and crop pest control- an analytical review. Insect Science and its Application, 6(4):479-487.
[6]	Bastola A, Parajulee MN, Porter RP, Shrestha RB, Chen FJ, Carroll SC , 2016. Intercrop movement of convergent lady beetle, Hippodamia convergens (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), between adjacent cotton and alfalfa. Insect Science, 23(1):145-156.
[7]	Berndt LA, Wratten SD, Hassan PG , 2002. Effects of buckwheat flowers on leafroller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) parasitoids in a newzealand vineyard. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 4(1):39-45.
[8]	Brewer MJ, Goodell PB , 2012. Approaches and incentives to implement integrated pest management that addresses regional and environmental issues. Annual Review of Entomology, 57(1):41-59.
[9]	Brophy LS, Mundt CC , 1991. Influence of plant spatial patterns on disease dynamics, plant competition and grain yield in genetically diverse wheat populations. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 35(1):1-12.
[10]	Browing JA, Frey KJ , 1969. Multiline cultivars as a means of disease control. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 7(1):355-382. doi: 10.1146/annurev.py.07.090169.002035 URL
[11]	Burkness EC, Cira TM, Moser SE, Hutchison WD , 2015. Bt maize seed mixtures for Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Larval movement, development, and survival on non-transgenic maize. Journal of Economic Entomology, 108(6):2761-2769. doi: 10.1093/jee/tov253 URL pmid: 26318006
[12]	Callaway RM , 1995. Positive interactions among plants. Botanical Review, 61(4):306-349.
[13]	Calonnce A, Goyeau H, de Vallavieille pope C , 1996. Effects of induced resistance on infection efficiency and sporulation of Puccinia stiiformis on seedlings in varietal mixtures and on field epidemics in pure stands. European Journal of Pant Pathology, 102(8):733-741.
[14]	Cao KQ, Zeng SM , 1994. The population resistance of wheat variety mixture to Puccinia stiiformis, P. recondita and Erysiphe graminis. Acta Phytopathologica Sinica, 24(1):21-25.
	[ 曹克强, 曾士迈 , 1994. 小麦混合品种对条锈叶锈及白粉病的群体抗病性研究. 植物病理学报, 24(1):21-25.]
[15]	Chang XN, Gao HJ, Chen FJ, Zhai BP , 2008. Effects of environmental moisture and precipitation: A review. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 27(4):619-625.
	[ 常晓娜, 高慧璟, 陈法军, 翟保平 , 2008. 环境湿度和降雨对昆虫影响的研究进展. 生态学杂志, 27(4):619-625.]
[16]	Chen B, He SQ, Zhang LM, Yang JC, Yan NS, Li ZY , 2015. Control efficacy of maize-sugarcane intercropping against the occurrence and the damage of Ostrinia furnacalis. Journal of Plant Protection, 42(4):591-597.
	[ 陈斌, 和淑琪, 张立敏, 杨进成, 严乃胜, 李正跃 , 2015. 甘蔗间作玉米对亚洲玉米螟发生为害的控制作用. 植物保护学报, 42(4):591-597.]
[17]	Chen M, Zhou ZX, Luo JC , 2008. Niche and temporal pattern of arthropod community in cottonalfalfa intercrop fields. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 17(4):132-140.
	[ 陈明, 周昭旭, 罗进仓 , 2008. 间作苜蓿棉田节肢动物群落生态位及时间格局. 草业学报, 17(4):132-140.]
[18]	Chen QC, Zhu YY, Li ZQ, Kang YS, Kang ZS , 2009. Effect of wheat cultivar mixtures on wheat yield and stripe rust. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 17(1):29-33.
	[ 陈企村, 朱有勇, 李振岐, 康永生, 康振生 , 2009. 不同品种混种对小麦产量及条锈病的影响. 中国生态农业学报, 17(1):29-33.]
[19]	Chu BY , 2019. The effect of cultivar mixture on wheat stripe rust epidemics and population genetic structure of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Doctoral dissertation. Beijing: China Agricultural University.
	[ 初炳瑶 , 2019. 小麦品种混种对条锈病流行和病原菌群体遗传结构的影响. 博士学位论文. 北京: 中国农业大学.]
[20]	Cox CM, Garrett KA, Bowden RL, Fritz AK, Dendy SP, Heer WF , 2004. Cultivar mixtures for the simultaneous management of multiple diseases: Tan spot and leaf rust of wheat. Phytopathology, 94(9):961-969.
[21]	Dong WX, Xu N, Xiao C , 2013. The effect of diversified cropping on phytophagous insect behavior. Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, 50(4):1133-1140.
	[ 董文霞, 徐宁, 肖春 , 2013 . 作物多样性种植对植食性昆虫行为的影响. 应用昆虫学报, 50(4):1133-1140.]
[22]	Dubin HJ, Wolfe MS , 1994. Comparative behavior of three wheat cultivars and their mixture in India, Nepal and Pakistan. Field Crops Research, 39(2/3):71-83.
[23]	Finckh MR, Gacek ES, Goyeau H, Lannou C, Merz U, Mundt CC, Munk L, Nadziak J, Newton AC, de Vallavieille-Pope C, Wolfe MS , 2000. Cereal variety and species mixtures in practice, with emphasis on disease resistance. Agronomie, 20(7):813-837.
[24]	Finckh MR, Mundt CC , 1992a. Stripe rust, yield, and plant competition in wheat cultivar mixtures. Phytopathology, 82(2):905-913.
[25]	Finckh MR, Mundt CC , 1992b. Plant competition and disease in genetically diverse wheat populations. Oecologia, 91(1):82-92.
[26]	Fukai S, Trenbath BR , 1993. Processes determining intercrop productivity and yields of component crops. Field Crops Research, 34(3/4):247-271.
[27]	Gallandt ER, Dofing SM, Reisenauer PE, Donaldson E , 2001. Diallel analysis of cultivar mixtures in winter wheat. Crop Science, 41(3):792-796.
[28]	Gao D, He XH , 2010. Research advances on biodiversity and ecosystem stability. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 29(12):2507-2513.
	[ 高东, 何霞红 , 2010. 生物多样性与生态系统稳定性研究进展. 生态学杂志, 29(12):2507-2513.]
[29]	Garrett KA, Mundt CC , 1999. Epidemiology in mixed host populations. Phytopathology, 89(11):984-990. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO.1999.89.11.984 URL pmid: 18944652
[30]	Guo JY, Wan FH, Hu YH, Yan Y , 2007. Effects of crop arrangement patterns on arthropod community structure in transgenic boll- worm-resistant cotton field. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 18(9):2061-2068. URL pmid: 18062314
[31]	Guo SB , 2012. Studies on the use of wheat cultivar mixtures for the control of stripe rust. Doctoral dissertation. Yangling: Northwest A&F University.
	[ 郭世保 , 2012. 小麦多品种混播对条锈病的控制作用研究. 博士学位论文. 杨陵: 西北农林科技大学.]
[32]	He XH, Yang J, Wang YY, Zhou HP, Chen JB, Li ZS, Li Y, Zhu YY , 2003. Annalysis of genetic structure of Magnaporthe grisea in the fields of different rice varieties. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 14(5):733-736.
	[ 何霞红, 杨静, 王云月, 周惠萍, 陈建斌, 李作森, 李炎, 朱有勇 , 2003. 水稻品种多样性田间稻瘟病菌群体遗传结构分析. 应用生态学报, 14(5):733-736.]
[33]	Hou ML, Sheng CF , 1999. Effect of plant diversity in agroecosystems on insect pest population. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 10(2):245-250.
	[ 侯茂林, 盛乘发 , 1999. 农田生态系统植物多样性对害虫种群数量的影响. 应用生态学报, 10(2):245-250.]
[34]	Hu YH, Guo JY, Wan FH , 2005. Seasonal dynamics of arthropod communities in weed and alfalfa fields. Crop Research, 19(3):174-179.
	[ 胡雅辉, 郭建英, 万方浩 , 2005. 杂草地和苜蓿田节肢动物群落时序动态. 作物研究, 19(3):174-179.]
[35]	Huang C, Sun ZY, Wang HG, Luo Y, Ma ZH , 2011. Spatiotemporal effects of cultivar mixtures on wheat stripe rust epidemics. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 131(3):483-496.
[36]	Island MN, Rahman MS, Ahmed F, Alom MS, Akhteruzzaman M , 2013. Performance of different HYV mustard varieties with sugarcane (Sacchaarum officinarum) as intercrop in farmer’ field. Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research, 38(1):137-143.
[37]	Jackson LF, Wening RW , 1997. Use of cultivar blends to improve grain yield and quality and reduce disease and lodging. Field Crops Research, 52(3):261-269.
[38]	Ju Q, Ouyang F, Gu SM, Qiao F, Yang QF, Qu MJ, Ge F , 2019. Strip intercropping peanut with maize for peanut aphid biological control and yield enhancement. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 286:106682.
[39]	Kaut AHEE, Mason HE, Navabi A, Donovan JTD, Spaner D , 2009. Performance and stability of performance of spring wheat variety mixtures in organic and conventional management systems in western Canada. Journal of Agricultural Science, 147(2):141-153.
[40]	Keesing F, Holt RD, Ostfeld RS , 2006. Effects of species diversity on disease risk. Ecology Letters, 9(4):482-498.
[41]	Khalifa MA, Qualset CO , 1974. Intergenotypic competition between tall and dwarf wheats in mechanical mixtures. Crop Science, 14(6):795-799.
[42]	Landis DA, Wratten SD, Gurr GM , 2000. Habitat management to conserve natural enemies of arthropod pests in agriculture. Annual Review of Entomology, 45(1):175-201.
[43]	Lannou C, de Vallavieille-Pope C, Goyeau H , 1995. Induced resistance in host mixtures and its effect on disease control in computer-simulated epidemics. Plant Pathology, 44(3):478-489.
[44]	Li L, Li S, Sun J, Zhou L, Bao X, Zhang H, Zhang F , 2007. Diversity enhances agricultural productivity via rhizosphere phosphorus facilitation on phosphorus deficient soils. Proceedings of the National Academic of Sciences of the USA, 104(27):11192-11196.
[45]	Li LK, Zuo CB, Yu FL, Wang L, Li Z, Chen FJ , 2019. Effects of monoculture and intercropping of maize and soybean with reduced use of fertilizer on crop yields, insect community composition and diversity. Journal of Plant Protection, 46(5):980-988.
	[ 李立坤, 左传宝, 于福兰, 王龙, 李卓, 陈法军 , 2019. 肥料减施下玉米-大豆间作对作物产量和昆虫群落组成及多样性的影响. 植物保护学报, 46(5):980-988.]
[46]	Li M, Peng PH, Wang YK, Fu B , 2014. Progress of agrobiodiversity research. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 30(9):7-14.
	[ 李明, 彭培好, 王玉宽, 傅斌 , 2014. 农业生物多样性研究进展. 中国农学通报, 30(9):7-14.]
[47]	Li Z, Li LK, Liu B, Wang L, Parajulee MN, Chen FJ , 2019. Effects of seed mixture sowing with transgenic Bt rice and its parental line on the population dynamics of target stemborers and leafrollers, and non-target planthoppers. Insect Science, 26(4):777-794. URL pmid: 29368405
[48]	Li Z, Wan GJ, Wang L, Zhang YF, Parajulee MN, Zhao ZH, Chen FJ , 2018. Effects of seed mixture sowing with resistant and susceptible rice on population dynamics of target planthoppers and non-target stemborers and leaffolders. Pest Management Science, 74(7):1664-1676. doi: 10.1002/ps.4860 URL pmid: 29330915
[49]	Li ZQ, Zeng SM , 2002. Chinese Wheat Rust. Beijing: China Agricultural Publishing House. 320-325.
	[ 李振岐, 曾士迈 , 2002. 中国小麦锈病. 北京: 中国农业出版社. 320-325.]
[50]	Li ZY , 1997. Mechanisms and importance of biodiversity to improve integrated pest insects management. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 10(4):114-123.
	[ 李正跃 , 1997. 生物多样性在害虫综合防治中的机制及地位. 西南农业学报, 10(4):114-123.]
[51]	Liu J, Hou YL, Wang LS, Liu, QY, Bai HJ, Liu ZQ, Guo QW , 2007. On the intercrop mode for flue-cured tobacco and wweet potato. Chinese Tobacco Science, 28(1):40-42.
	[ 刘剑, 侯跃亮, 王乐三, 刘起业, 白化军, 刘中庆, 郭全伟 , 2007. 烤烟地瓜间作模式研究. 中国烟草科学, 28(1):40-42.]
[52]	Lively CM , 2001. Propagule interactions and the evolution of virulence. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 14(2):317-324.
[53]	Lv SZ, Li JB, Tian WD, Tian CY , 2005. Ecological Functions and Mechanism of Biodiversity in Controlling Insect Pests in Agro-ecosystems. Arid Zone Research, 22(3):400-404.
	[ 吕昭智, 李进步, 田卫东, 田长彦 , 2005. 生物多样性在害虫控制中的生态功能与机理. 干旱区研究, 22(3):400-404.]
[54]	Luo Y, Zeng SM , 1990. Preliminary study on the variety deployment decision model (VDDM) in integrated disease management of wheat. Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Pekinensis, S1:96-115.
	[ 骆勇, 曾士迈 , 1990. 小麦多病害综防决策中品种布局决策模型 (VDDM) 的研究. 北京农业大学学报, S1:96-115.]
[55]	Ma KZ, Hao SG, Zhao HY , 2007. Strip cropping wheat and alfalfa to improve the biological control of the wheat aphid Macrosiphum avenae by the mite Allothrombium ovatum. Agriculture. Ecosystems and Environment, 119(1/2):49-52.
[56]	Marshall DR, Brown AHD , 1973. Stability of performance of mixtures and multilines. Euphytica, 22(2):405-412.
[57]	May RMC , 2001. Stability and Complexity in Model Ecosystems. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 38-41.
[58]	McDonald BA, Linde C , 2002. Pathogen population genetics, evolutionary potential, and durable resistance. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 40(1):349-379.
[59]	Meehan TD, Werling BP, Landis DA, Gratton C , 2011. Agricultural landscape simplification and einsecticide use in the Midwestern United States. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 108(28):11500-11505.
[60]	Meek B, Loxton D , 2002. The effect of arable field margin composition on invertebrate biodiversity. Biological Conservation, 106(2):259-271.
[61]	Mille B, Fraj MB, Monod H, de Vallavieille-Pope C , 2006. Assessing four-way mixtures of winter wheat cultivars from the performances of their two-way and individual components. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 114(2):163-173.
[62]	Mundt CC , 2002. Use of multiline cultivars and cultivar mixtures for disease management. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 40(4):381-410.
[63]	Mundt CC, Hayes PM, Schon CC , 1994. Influence of barley variety mixtures on severity of scale and net blot and on yield. Plant Pathology, 43(2):356-361.
[64]	Newton AC, Ellis RP, Hackett CA, Guy DC , 1997. The effect of component number on Rhynchosporium secalis infection and yield in mixtures of winter barley cultivars. Plant Pathology, 46(6):930-938.
[65]	Newton AC, Guy DC , 2009. The effects of uneven, patchy cultivar mixtures on disease control and yield in winter barley. Field Crops Research, 110(3):225-228.
[66]	Nong RG, Zhang JQ , 1998. Structure and dynamics of pest and predacious arthropod community in paddy field. Acta Arachnologica Sinica, 7(1):74-80.
	[ 农荣贵, 张景强 , 1998. 稻田害虫和捕食性节肢动物群落结构和动态. 蛛形学报, 7(1):74-80.]
[67]	Olson DM, Wackers FL , 2007. Management of field margins to maximize multiple ecological services. Journal of Applied Ecology, 44(1):13-21.
[68]	Orr DB, Landis DA, Mutch DR, Manley GV, Stuby SA, King RL , 1997. Ground cover influence on microclimate and Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) augmentation in seed corn production. Environmental Entomology, 26(2):433-438.
[69]	OuYang F, Men XY, Yang B, Su JW, Zhang Y, Zhao ZH, Ge F , 2012. Maize benefits the predatory beetle, Propylea japonica (Thunberg), to provide potential to enhance biological control for aphids in cotton. PLoS ONE, 7(9):e44379. URL pmid: 22984499
[70]	Pan PL , 2016. Effects of raising crop diversity on the occurrence of plant diseases, insect pests and their natural enemies. Doctoral dissertation. Beijing: China Agricultural University.
	[ 潘鹏亮 , 2016. 增加作物多样性对病虫害和天敌发生的影响. 博士学位论文. 北京: 中国农业大学.]
[71]	Rajeswara RBR, Prasad R , 1982. Studies on productivity of seed blends of 2 spring wheat cultivars under rained conditions. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 151:17-23.
[72]	Ram S, Singh S , 2010. Effect of intercropping of spices, cereal and root crops on the incidence of Helicoverpa armigera (Hub) in tomato. Vegetable Sci., 37(2):164-166.
[73]	Ramachandran S, Buntin GD, All JN, Raymer PL, Stewart CNJ , 2000. Intraspecific competition of an insect resistant transgenic canola in seed mixtures. Agronomy Journal, 92(2):368-374.
[74]	Rand TA, Tylianakis JM, Tscharntke T , 2006. Spillover edge effects: The dispersal of agriculturally subsidized insect natural enemies into adjacent natural habitats. Ecology Letters, 9(5):603-614. doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.00911.x URL pmid: 16643305
[75]	Risch SJ, Andow DA, Altteri MA , 1983. Agroecosystem diversity and pest control-data, tentative conclusions, and new research directions. Environmental Entomology, 12(3):625-629.
[76]	Root RB , 1973. Organization of plant-arthropod association in simple and diverse habitats: The fauna of collards (Brassica oleracea). Ecological Monographs, 43(1):95-124.
[77]	Schmidt KA, Osteeld RS . 2001. Biodiversity and the dilution effect in disease ecology. Ecology, 82(3):609-619.
[78]	Sharma SN, Prasad R , 1978. Systematic mixed versus pure stands of wheat genotypes. Journal of Agricultural Science, 90(2):441-444.
[79]	Shi GL, Zhao LL, Miao ZW, Liu SQ, Cao H, Li SY, Bruce PIKE , 2005. The structure and dynamics of pest insect communities in jujube sites of different intercropped systems. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 25(9):2263-2271.
	[ 师光禄, 赵莉蔺, 苗振旺, 刘素琪, 曹挥, Bruce PIKE , 2005. 不同间作枣园害虫的群落结构与动态. 生态学报, 25(9):2263-2271.]
[80]	Shi PJ, Hui C, Men XY, Zhao ZH, Ouyang F, Ge F , 2014. Cascade effects of crop species richness on the diversity of pest insects and their natural enemies. Science China Life Sciences, 57(7):718-725. doi: 10.1007/s11427-014-4681-7 URL pmid: 24907938
[81]	Shi SL, Qi J , 2010. Research review on physiological and ecological effects of alfalfa intercropping system. Grassland and Turf, 30(6):89-93.
	[ 师尚礼, 祁娟 , 2010. 苜蓿间作系统的生理生态效应研究进展. 草原与草坪, 30(6):89-93.]
[82]	Shui MX, Chen DF, Qin SC, Jiang SH , 1999. The silicification of young tissues of rice and relationship with its resistance to blast of rice. Plant National and Fertilizen Science, 5(4):352-358.
	[ 水茂兴, 陈德富, 秦遂初, 蒋式洪 , 1999. 水稻新嫩组织的硅质化及其与稻瘟病抗性的关系. 植物营养与肥料学报, 5(4):352-358.]
[83]	Smith HA, McSorley R , 2000. Intercropping and pest management: A review of major concepts. American Entomologist, 46(3):154-161. doi: 10.1093/ae/46.3.154 URL
[84]	Smithson JB, Lenne JM , 1996. Varietal mixtures: A viable strategy for sustainable productivity in subsistence agriculture. Annals of Applied Biology, 128(1):127-158.
[85]	Skovgard H, Pats P , 1996. Effects of intercropping on maize stemborers and their natural enemies. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 86(5):599-607.
[86]	Tahvanainen JO, Root RB , 1972. The influence of vegetational diversity on the population ecology of a specialized herbivore, Phyllotreta cruciferae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Oecologia, 10(4):321-346. doi: 10.1007/BF00345736 URL pmid: 28307065
[87]	Tang X, Zheng Y, Tang L, Zhang CC, Zhu YY, Zhang FS , 2006. Effects of nitrogen and silicon nutrition on rice blast occurrence under intercropping with different type varieties. Chinese Journal of Rice Science, 20(6):663-666.
	[ 唐旭, 郑毅, 汤利, 张朝春, 朱有勇, 张福锁 , 2006. 不同品种间作条件下的氮硅营养对水稻稻瘟病发生的影响. 中国水稻科学, 20(6):663-666.]
[88]	Tian YJ, Liang GW, Zeng L, Lu YY , 2012. Influence of intercropping on dynamics of insect pests, natural enemies and the damage of Ostrinia furnacalis in sweet corn fields. Journal of Plant Protection, 39(1):1-6.
	[ 田耀加, 梁广文, 曾玲, 陆永跃 , 2012. 间作对甜玉米田主要害虫与天敌动态的影响. 植物保护学报, 39(1):1-6.]
[89]	Tilman D, Reich PB, Knops JMH , 2006. Biodiversity and ecosystem stability in a decade-long grassland experiment. Nature, 441(7093):629. doi: 10.1038/nature04742 URL pmid: 16738658
[90]	Tooker JF, Frank SD , 2012. Genotypically diverse cultivar mixtures for insect pest management and increased crop yields. Journal of Applied Ecology, 49(5):974-985. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2012.02173.x URL
[91]	Wan FH, Chen CM , 1986. Studies on the structure of the rice pest-natural enemy community and diversity under IPM area and chemical control area. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 6(2):159-170.
	[ 万方浩, 陈常铭 , 1986. 综防区和化防区稻田害虫-天敌群落组成及多样性的研究. 生态学报, 6(2):159-170.]
[92]	Wan NF, Cai YM, Shen YJ, Ji XY, Wu XW, Zheng XR, Cheng W, Li J, Jiang YP, Chen X, Weiner J, Jiang JX, Nie M, Tian WD, Zhang H, Li B , 2018. Increasing plant diversity with border crops reduces insecticide use and increases crop yield in urban agriculture. eLife. 7:e35103. doi: 10.7554/eLife.35103 URL pmid: 29792597
[93]	Wang YZ, Yue YH , 1998. Efficacy of interplant and mixture sowing of maize and soybean on pest and disease management in soybean. Plant Protection, 24(1):13-15.
	[ 王玉正, 岳跃海 , 1998. 大豆玉米间作和同穴混播对大豆病虫发生的综合效应研究. 植物保护, 24(1):13-15.]
[94]	Wolfe MS , 1985. The current status and prospects of multiline cultivars and variety mixtures for disease resistance. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 23(1):251-273.
[95]	Wolfe MS , 1992. Barley diseases: Maintaining the value of our varieties//Munck L. Barley Genetics VI(eds.). Proceedings of the sixth international barley genetics symposium, Ⅱ. Copenhagen, Denmark: Munksgaard International Publishers. 1055-1067.
[96]	Wolfe MS , 2000. Crop strength through diversity. Nature, 406(6797):681-682. doi: 10.1038/35021152 URL pmid: 10963576
[97]	Wu MX, Han RJ, Wang SY, Jiang P, Zhang QL, Xia LS, Han BY , 2010. Promoting effect of intercropping on insect diversity in Chinese plum-tea or medical dogwood-tea or chestnut-tea intercrop plantations. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology, 47(6):1165-1169.
	[ 吴满霞, 韩仁甲, 汪升毅, 江平, 张启利, 夏良胜, 韩宝瑜 , 2010. 苦李山茱萸或板栗与茶间作增进昆虫多样性的效应. 昆虫知识, 47(6):1165-1169.]
[98]	Yang J, Shi ZF, Gao D, Liu L, Zhu YY, Li CY , 2012. Mechanism on biodiversity managing crop diseases. Hereditas, 34(11):1390-1398. doi: 10.3724/sp.j.1005.2012.01390 URL pmid: 23208136
	[ 杨静, 施竹凤, 高东, 刘林, 朱有勇, 李成云 , 2012. 生物多样性控制作物病害研究进展. 遗传, 34(11):1390-1398.] pmid: 23208136
[99]	Yang JC, Liu JJ, An ZY, Zhu YY, Li CY, Chen XD, Lu YE, Li HY, Dian LF , 2009. Analysis on the effect of interplanting on the disease and pests control and yield increase of wheat and faba bean. Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University, 24(3):340-348.
	[ 杨进成, 刘坚坚, 安正云, 朱有勇, 李成云, 陈向东, 卢玉娥, 李红彦, 甸兰芬 , 2009. 小麦蚕豆间作控制病虫害与增产效应分析. 云南农业大学学报, 24(3):340-348.]
[100]	Ye HX, He XM, Han BY , 2010a. Difference in influence of intercropping of tea plants with waxberry and citrus and snake gourd fruit plants respectively on numeral and spatial characteristics of population of citrus spiny white fly. Journal of Anhui Agricultural University, 37(2):183-188.
	[ 叶火香, 何迅民, 韩宝瑜 , 2010a. 茶园间作杨梅、柑桔和吊瓜对粉虱种群数空间特征的影响. 安徽农业大学学报, 37(2):183-188.]
[101]	Ye HX, Mu D, Han BY , 2010b. Effects and differences of citrus red bayberry melon intercropping in tea garden on population characteristics of tea aphid, Aphis gossypii. Tea Science and Technology, ( 2):7-12.
	[ 叶火香, 穆丹, 韩宝瑜 , 2010b. 茶园间作柑桔杨梅吊瓜对茶蚜种群数空特征影响和差异. 茶叶科学技术, ( 2):7-12.]
[102]	Ye ZC, He YF, Lu DQ, Li HB, Zhu F , 2015. Inhibitory effects and influence on yield of intercropping maize at different density with soybean. Weed Science, 33(4):1-4.
	[ 叶照春, 何永福, 陆德清, 李鸿波, 朱峰 , 2015. 玉米不同密度下间作大豆控草效果及对产量的影响. 杂草科学, 33(4):1-4.]
[103]	You MS, Hou YM, Liu YF, Yang G, Li ZS, Cai HJ , 2004. Non-crop habitat manipulation and integrated pest management in agroecosystems. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 47(2):260-268.
	[ 尤民生, 侯有明, 刘雨芳, 杨广, 李志胜, 蔡鸿娇 , 2004. 农田非作物生境调控与害虫综合治理. 昆虫学报, 47(2):260-268.]
[104]	Yu HH , 2014. Study on the effects of controlling rice pests by using plant biodiversity of paddy ridge. Master thesis. Hainan: Hainan University.
	[ 俞欢慧 , 2014. 利用稻田田埂生物多样性控制水稻虫害的效应研究. 硕士学位论文. 海南: 海南大学.]
[105]	Zaller JG, Moser D, Drapela T, Schmöger C, Frank T , 2009. Parasitism of stem weevils and pollen beetles in winter oilseed rape is differentially affected by crop management and landscape characteristics. Biocontrol, 54(4):505-514. doi: 10.1007/s10526-009-9212-2 URL
[106]	Zeng SM , 2004. Simulation study on cultivar deployment against wheat stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis West. in China. Acta Phytopathologica Sinica, 34(1):261-271.
	[ 曾士迈 , 2004. 品种布局防治小麦条锈病的模拟研究. 植物病理学报, 34(1):261-271.]
[107]	Zhan J, McDonald BA , 2014. The interaction among evolutionary forces in the pathogenic fungus Mycosphaerella graminicola. Fungal Genetics and Biology, 41(6):590-599. doi: 10.1016/j.fgb.2004.01.006 URL pmid: 15121082
[108]	Zhan JS, Thrall PH, Papaix J, Xie LH, Burdon JJ , 2015. Playing on a pathogen's weakness: Using evolution to guide sustainable plant disease control strategies. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 53:19-43. doi: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-080614-120040 URL pmid: 25938275
[109]	Zhao ZH, Gao F, He DH, Ge F , 2015. Ecologically based pest management at multiple spatial scales. Scientia Sinica Vitae, 45(8):755-767. doi: 10.1360/N052014-00314 URL
	[ 赵紫华, 高峰, 贺达汉, 戈峰 , 2015. 多尺度空间下害虫生态调控理论与应用. 中国科学: 生命科学, 45(8):755-767.]
[110]	Zheng YK, You MS , 2009. Biological diversity in support of ecologically-based pest management at landscape level. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 29(3):1508-1518.
	[ 郑云开, 尤民生 , 2009. 农业景观生物多样性与害虫生态控制. 生态学报, 29(3):1508-1518.]
[111]	Zhou HB, Chen JL, Cheng DF, Liu Y, Sun JR , 2009. Effects of wheat-pea intercropping on the population dynamics of Sitobion avenae (Homoptera:Aphididae) and its main natural enemies. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 52(7):775-782.
	[ 周海波, 陈巨莲, 程登发, 刘勇, 孙京瑞 , 2009. 小麦间作豌豆对麦长管蚜及其主要天敌种群动态的影响. 昆虫学报, 52(7):775-782.]
[112]	Zhou ZY, Huang XC, Meng L, Xie TZ, Li BP , 2011. Arthropod diversity on plants at field margins of organic farming paddy rice. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 30(7):1347-1353.
	[ 周子杨, 黄先才, 孟玲, 谢桐洲, 李保平 , 2011. 有机稻田埂植物上节肢动物多样性. 生态学杂志, 30(7):1347-1353.]
[113]	Zhu YY , 2007. Genetic Diversity and Continued Control of Crop Diseases. Beijing: Science Press. 4.
	[ 朱有勇 , 2007. 遗传多样性与作物病害持续控制. 北京: 科学出版社. 4.]
[114]	Zhu YY, Chen HR, Fan JH, Wang YY, Li Y, Chen JB, Fan JX, Yang SS, Hu LP, Leungk H, Mewk TW, Tengk PS, Wang ZH, Mundt CC , 2000. Genetic diversity and disease control in rice. Nature, 406(6797):718-722. doi: 10.1038/35021046 URL pmid: 10963595
[115]	Zhu YY, Chen HR, Fan JH, Wang YY, Li Y, Fan JX, Yang SS, Ma GL, Chen JB, Li ZS, Lu BR , 2003. The use of rice variety diversity for rice blast control. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 36(5):521-527.
	[ 朱有勇, 陈海如, 范静华, 王云月, 李炎, 范金祥, 杨仕生, 马光亮, 陈建斌, 李作森, 卢宝荣 , 2003. 利用水稻品种多样性控制稻瘟病研究. 中国农业科学, 36(5):521-527.]
[116]	Zhu YY, Leung H, Chen HR, Wang YY, Tang KR, Zhao XQ, Zhou JY, Tu JH, Li Y, He XH, Zhou JH, Sun Y, Mew TW , 2004. Using resistance genes diversity for sustainable rice disease control. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 37(6):832-839.
	[ 朱有勇, Leung Hei, 陈海如, 王云月, 汤克仁, 赵学谦, 周金玉, 涂建华, 李炎, 何霞红, 周江鸿, 孙雁, Mew Twng-Wah , 2004. 利用抗病基因多样性持续控制水稻病害. 中国农业科学, 37(6):832-839.]
[117]	Zu YQ, Hu WY, Wu BZ, Zhan FD, Li Y , 2008. Effect of chilli pepper intercropping system on nutrient utilization, main diseases and pests and yield of chilli pepper. Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research, 26(4):412-416.
	[ 祖艳群, 胡文友, 吴伯志, 湛方栋, 李元 , 2008. 不同间作模式对辣椒养分利用、主要病虫害及产量的影响. 武汉植物学研究, 26(4):412-416.]

农业生物多样性控制作物病虫害的方法与原理 ^*

Principles of using agricultural biodiversity to control pests and crop diseases

RichHTML

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献 117

相关文章 1

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价